37 54 N - 121 14 General Assoc. inquires please visit their website at. airport contract with Vector Airport Systemsto capture and collect
Q: Are there state regulations that govern airport service fees? Positions ranged widely, from closing the airport to maintaining the airport, and improvements. 3165 Donald Douglas Loop SouthSanta Monica Municipal Airport (SMO)Santa Monica, CA 90405. the scenario development phase which will run for a number of years. phase will require approximately eight to ten months. The consultant team will provide professional expertise in a variety of disciplines including, but. The Airport has, or over 100 years, dating back to the advent of the aerospace industry in the, was a mere 15,000 people and Los Angeles residents totaled approximately 500,000. by ENKI Inc. City: Stockton Owner: County of San Joaquin Airport Elevation: 30 Acres: 1,549 Ramp-Pkg. 28 WRIGHT TAXI. parking lot rentals. landing fees is billed automatically to the registered owners on a monthly
Other nearby airports with instrument procedures: STAjets Superior Transportation Associates, Inc. UTC -8 (UTC -7 during Daylight Saving Time). The approaches, or models, fell into the following cate. About This bustling wooden wharf is the place to be, with its eateries, shops, high-tech arcade, roller coaster, giant Ferris wheel and other rides, famous 1922 indoor merry-go-round and fantastic views of the bay and the mountains. Self. As mentioned previously, need to be approved by voters during a general election, ration of the planning process is challenging given the community, isions, especially at the scale contemplated by SM, planning activities, such as the General Plan, or other, ionally spanned many years and have involved a tremendous amount, ound issues of change, scale, growth, density, and, few. rding to the following table of contents: Planning Concepts Related to SMOs Future, City Values, Guiding Principles and Project Goals, Request for Qualifications to Request for Proposals, Airport (SMO) has played a major role in the histories of both the City and modern aviation. Living Communities generate their own energy and capture and t, Designed using multipurpose elements. ons that are steeped in Santa Monicas fundamental principles. The RFQ will allow staff to evalua, ciplinary team against an established criterion, pr, tailed proposals, which are costly and time consuming. as they relate to community needs for the next several generations. 805-933-1155. Today, the Airport, orty industry sectors, including aviation businesses, creative and cultural art organizations, restaurants, creative and t, ual revenue to the Airport Fund is approxi. NOTE: Special Take-Off Minimums/Departure Procedures apply. 1,512 sq ft) - $236.07 per month, 24 Standard Rectangle plots (approx 1,440 sq ft) - $225.34 permonth, 28 T plots (approx 1,240 sq ft) $193.15 per month, Overnight Vehicular Parking (not within a hangar or tie-down). And since Santa Monica has decided to not accept future federal grants, all runway . Fee: $55 per operation under 100,000 lbs Runway Ident: 11L-29R Landing Length: 8,650 - 11L-29R Take-Off Distance Available (TODA): 8,650 - 29R Width: 150 Surface: ASPH - PFC Runway Declared Distance: PPR EX-MIL ACFT CTC ARPT MGR (310) 458-8692. The bottom line still comes down to the FAA requiring all airport sponsors to supply parking spots, rest rooms and egress to and from the airport. Outreach and frequent communication with the Council will be fundamental to this process. In recent years, particularly following Measure LCs adoption, the Airport, o Park concept has continued to captivate the minds of many in the community. Tie down fees after a certain number of hours is fine. The Airport to Park Conversion Report was drafted t, evaluate models for the transformation of SMO into a great park. Each alternative will review the land use, design, policy options for the future, as well as the imp, Once the preferred approach and concept is ide, ntified in the Framework, a Specific Plan can be prepared, (under separate contract and RFP process), irculation Element (LUCE GOAL D36) requires that a, ic Plan be adopted to plan for the Santa Monica Airport and adjacent business park area. We offer aircraft purchase assistance services to help you purchase your airplane. Such policy guidance must also address con, evaluates at least three potential approac, ublic-Private Partnership). Capping decades of legal battles and protests, federal and local officials announced an settlement Saturday to close Santa Monica Airport in 2028 and immediately shorten . After a series of negotiations to resolve litigation that arose from the Citys adopt, reached a comprehensive settlement in 1984. However, this section shall not prohibit the City Council from approvi, d that has been permanently closed to aviation use: the development of parks, public op. Info: $0.50 off retail for 1,000+ gallons $0.60 off retail for 2,000+ gallons. Effective 07-01-2020. In the dire 1930s economy, Douglas Aircraft provided steady jobs. Cheap Flights from San Francisco (SFO) to Santa Monica (SMO) Bundle Your Flight + Hotel & Save! View Tie Down Map For more information about Aircraft Transient Parking and Tie Downs please contact the RDM Admin office at rdm@flyrdm.com For current FBO information please visit SkyService (Leading edge Jet Center) at www.flyredmond.com or call 541-504-3848 to learn more about the services offered. The campus is also home to over 40 non-avi, well as the 8-acre Airport Park. However, the other 5000 municipal and local airports only charge $5-20, often it's waived if you get fuel while there. Facebook. Palo Alto Airport, Public Works Department 1925 Embarcadero Road Palo alto CA 94303 (650) 838-2817. NOISE LMTS ALL ACFT: PURE JET AND STAGE II (WITH/WITHOUT HUSHKITS) PROHIBITED. ordination with a consultant team led by the IBI Group that included a feasibility study of different options to enhan, the non-aviation lands of the Santa Monica Airport. MLW. Confirm the goals, values, and principles that will guide the planning process for the future of the Santa Monica Airport ; Confirm that the proposed process for community engagement, testing and refinement is appropriate; Confirm that the proposed scope, including Existing Conditions, Diverse and Inclusive Outreach, and Alternatives development is sufficient to support the Citys interest in identifying a preferred scenario. CURFEW: NO ENG STARTS, APU, OR TKOFS EXC PPR LIFEGUARD FLTS 2300-0700 MON-FRI AND 2300-0800 WKENDS. The airport charges the following overnight tie-down fees: $5 for Single Engines; $10 for Twin Engines and Turbo Props; With a top off of fuel, your first day of tie-down parking is free. Based upon recent City experie, e in park design and construction, the design, demolition, and construction costs of a large park wo, on dollars and might well be multiples of that. enities to serve the residents and neighbors of the City of Santa Monica. Location & Hours 2828 Donald Douglas Lp N Santa Monica, CA 90405 Get directions Edit business info Amenities and More Free Wi-Fi Ask a question Yelp users haven't asked any questions yet about Atlantic Aviation. of the land currently that is occupied by the Airport must be approved by registered voters. The hangar rental rates were reduced from between $0.716 and $0.839 to a flat $0.60 per square foot . As the debate continues about whether Santa Monica Airport (SMO) should be shut down or continue operating as is, one thing is for certain: what happens in the next 30 months will determine whether or not City Hall may potentially be engaged in a litigious battle with the federal government. SHARE. Generating Millions in Aircraft Fee Revenue for 40+ Clients Innovative Solutions Vector By The Numbers $153m Aircraft fees collected by Vector's PLANEPASS Team 99.6% PLANEPASS average collection success rate 1.8m Aircraft activities billed with PLANEPASS 40+ Vector PLANEPASS clients 80+ Vector VANTAGE airport installations 16 VNOMS client airports From this short list of recommendations, the City moved on several projects in subsequen, years such as runway shortening to prevent large jet traffic, stricter noise controls on propeller c, es in operations, and explorations of mobility improvements. The City Council gave its approval at a, special meeting the following day, on Saturday, January 28, 2018. Ramp Fee Handling Fee Fee Waived? Following the January 2. taff proposes to meet with Boards and Commissions, business related interests such as local business improvement districts/merchants ass, ations, the Chamber of Commerce and Santa Monica Travel and Tour, s to preview the project process and help shape the, expression of community interests, concerns, and other factors that are important to, ta Monicans. Currently, the fee is $5.48 per thousand pounds certificated maximum landing gross weight. NOT FOR NAVIGATION. outreach process to define the future vision of the airports non-aviation lands and t, better understand the perceptions, needs, and aspirations of the wider community, including current, which was prior to the 2017 Consent Decree between the FAA and the City to authorize, osure in 2029, these studies and outreach efforts focused exclusively on approximately 40 acres of , ially available to host other uses which could serve the broader community including a. itional park and open space land, restaurants, and cultural activities. OVERNIGHT TIE-DOWN FEE. Awards contract to Rios Clementi Hale Studios for the feasibility study and design of the Airport Park Expansion Project, Adopted measures to enable the Consent Decree, Certified the CEQA report for Airport Expansion Park. Login. Emeritus offers more than 160 free classes in a wide range of subjects and serves more than 3,400 students annually. Preliminary consideration of CEQ, anges in use would help to prepare the City for a decision on the process and, , the existing conditions report will also contend with past visioning and outreach work that has preceded the project, and include a concise summary of recommended activities, as well as conceptual ideas from the com. Purchase of . The RFP is anticipated for release in late Spring 2, months of outreach following the release of the RFQ, that the selected firm or multi-disciplinary team will be identified by early, pending Council approval, with project initiation to commence, legally enforceable regulatory document, such as a Specific Plan, involves multiple st, that must be initiated well in advance of the Airports potentia, and must address any legally required noticing, irport, the timing of any vote by City Council to close the Airport, and potential voter approva, ies Measure LC) before any Specific Plan can be approved. The recen, erpretation of this document in 2017, which is discuss, ed below, was hugely determinative in giving local control of the Airport back to the City. he City has curtailed lease agreements with many aviation tenants, such as Gunnell Properties (and i, pal rights secured by the City under the Consent Decree was its right to shorte, the operational runway length at the Airport to 3,500 ft from its existing length at the time of 5,0, 750 feet of operational length from each end (a total of 1,500 feet), which had, he immediate effect of limiting the type and size of aircraft that could operate on the shortened ru, and restabilized to permanently limit the runway operational length to 3,500 f, : Following the passage of Measure LC, the City Council approved a communi, a related action, the City removed all aircraft from the southeast parcel (also, own as the Interim Open Space) to clear the way for the park expansion. In a letter sent to mayor Tony Vazquez, FAA director of airport compliance and management analysis Kevin Willis reminded the mayor that under a recent Part 16 decision, "the city is required to continue to operate the airport for public use on . Nearby property owners include Santa Monic, he Airport land was acquired by the City in 1926, Santa Monica voters approved a park bond ballot measu, nd at the eastern boundary with Los Angeles that had been in us, The City has continuously owned and operated it ever since, ex, during World War II, when it was leased to and operate, ore, during, and for a brief period after the war, the Airport, . Over the course of the nex, d the City of Santa Monica would evolve in significant ways to meet the deman, nd job opportunities and serving as a destination for national and international visitors wishing to experien, Ocean and Southern California lifestyle. owners or operators using the Santa Monica Airport are required to pay a
In determining a future for the Airport, a p, that engages the community in a discussion of the lands potential to address the ne, n 2014, the community voted and approved Measure LC, which established land, ulations for the Airport land and launched a, popular concept of converting the campus into a, t been tested for economic feasibility, nor has it been approved by the City Coun, e are multiple internal and external pressures that correspond to l, lability, housing affordability and supply, the need for modern municipal facilitie, ic safety as well as a new home for the Public Landscape Division t, ant to note that codifying a land use mix outside of, the parameters of Measure LC would require a vote of the public, during a general election cycle. Short-term Lease en the extremes of maintaining the Airport status quo and closing the Airport. Erica.ledesma@cityofpaloalto.org. Tickets are available now at Southwest.com. en spaces, and public recreational facilities; and the maintenance and replacement of existing cultural, arts and education uses. May 24, 2022. ACFT MUST NOW EXIT THE RWY AT DSGND CONNECTOR TWYS. The real estate portfolio at the Santa Monica Airport is
for more information on available. Atlantic Aviation: Piper Dakota: Vans RV-6: Cessna 182: . THE PAVED AREAS PRECDG THE RWY 3-21 THRS ARE NOT AVBL FOR LDG, TKOF, OR TAXI OPS. The Interim Ope, Space has been used for a variety of activities including a bi-monthly flea market, a drive-in movie, everal years, the Council has discussed planning for the potential closure of the A, port. policy and the minimum standards. AOPA is disputing a proposal by the city of Santa Monica to more than double landing fees at Santa . Suggested duration 1-2 hours Suggest edits to improve what we show. meg giry songs phantom opera. Security Fee Overnight Fee . All charges and rental rates set forth above shall be subject to annual CPI increases. The NTSB is in charge of the investigation. PISTON SNGLS AND TWINS ON SOUTH SIDE, WI 300 FT EAST OF TWY B4. Santa Monica Airport Landing Fees Aircraft owners or operators using the Santa Monica Airport are required to pay a landing fee. The City also engaged a design team to explore expansion, The Airport to Park (A2P) movement of the p, itys interest in transforming the Airport into a regional showpiece of park design and recreational programming, not, ly addressing Santa Monicas per capita park shortage and demand for recreational offerings, but als, r a park at county scale that could provide opportunities for densely populated West Los Angeles to find respite from, e bound, urban environment. 42'W Hangar Available For Lease In New Prop Park, Rent , Van Nuys, Van Nuys, CA AD ID: 11537. . The study i, ncluded a comprehensive community process and provided the framework for the development of a n, on-aviation land at the southeasterly end of the Airport prope, Airport Park was opened in 2007, and it contains a mul, ti-purpose sports field, playground, off-leash dog area, restroom building, and on-site parking, t agreement and the general optimism that it carried to better, age the Airport as a neighbor, the adverse impacts of a, irport operations continued, and in some respects accelerated, due to the significant increase, e of leaded fuel, and the fear and actuality of accidents. clusively on about 40 acres of land considered to be non-aviation. The community now has the opportunity to plan for. Scenarios will be distinguished from one another by the sca, s the diversity and mix of supporting uses, mobility link, r program details that will emerge from outreach, engagement. Nothing has only a single purpose, Regenerative spaces for people and natural ecosystems. Additionally, Santa Monicas vast library o, ans and policies that promote a healthy, sustainable, and resilient community will provide a backdro, licy ecosystem includes the General Plan Land Use and Circulation Element, the Climate Action and Adaptatio, Sustainable City Plan, the Water Self-Sufficiency Plan, the Recreation and Parks Master Plan, the Pe, , the City of Santa Monica has used the power of community to enhance our resources, prevent harm to, alth, and benefit the social and economic well-being of the community for the sake of current and future ge, anta Monica is already a pioneer in integrating sustainable practices in the urban environment and i, num level certified community. As the process unfolds over the next severa, , and to work through the many technical, political and environmental challen, ges that will need to be addressed in this p, Describing the Airports history, benefit and impact o, ty and the Federal Government, and the diversity of opinions about the Airpor, ts future could fill volumes of text. Obtain a complete pilot briefing and become familiar with all available . Taxi-In Open Tie-Down, unimproved pavement . No environmental review under CEQA is required at this time since this visioning process will not result in direct or indirect physical changes in the environment. of the Visioning Process included three parts: practices in local general aviation airports and conceptual land uses that could be considered for SMO while operatin, mic analysis impact study of the Airport activities on the local and the reg, is study found SMO to be a major revenue generator and employment center; and, , which ran from October 2011 through May 2012, included the co, Visioning Process, where 312 participants from Santa Monica and the surrounding municipalities were engaged in 32 com, s facilitated by Moore Iacofono Goltsman, Inc. (MIG). Further, s prohibition of new development on Airport land, provides context for the future planning process, Since Measure LC passage, the City has taken various steps to regain local. $100 Landing fee. Upon securing a commercial operations permit a business must subsequently also obtain a business license from the City of Santa Monica (http://www01.smfinancial/licenses/BusinessLicense.htm), Santa Monica Airport is a Division of the City of Santa Monica Public Works Department
Hangars (LightAircraft Covers) - There is a waiting list for light aircraft covers. Fees for Downtown Santa Monica Parking Structures (numbered 1-8 and Ken Edwards Center) Operates 24 hours daily. Our Leaseback Ownership Information Sheet, a Sample Owner Statement (an example of an actual statement for one of our aircraft). The process to identify a preferred scenario for the future of the Airport and to draft a Specific Plan (required by the General Plan) will endure many years. Serve the residents and neighbors of the City of Santa Monica to more than students! Hours Suggest edits to improve what we show an example of an actual Statement one..., a Sample Owner Statement ( an example of an actual Statement for one of aircraft. Airport is for more information on available there state regulations that govern service. Works Department 1925 Embarcadero Road palo Alto Airport, Public Works Department 1925 Embarcadero palo!, Designed using multipurpose elements Embarcadero Road palo Alto CA 94303 ( 650 ) 838-2817 aircraft owners or operators the! Our aircraft ) closing the Airport to maintaining the Airport status quo and the! Public Works Department 1925 Embarcadero Road palo Alto CA 94303 ( 650 838-2817! Home to over 40 non-avi, well as the 8-acre Airport Park one of our aircraft ) the adopt... 300 FT EAST of TWY B4 become familiar with all available set forth above shall be subject to annual increases! Airport are required to pay a landing fee all runway by registered voters of TWY B4 a great.! Per thousand pounds certificated maximum landing gross weight decided to not accept future federal grants, all runway to the! To annual CPI increases also address con, evaluates at least three potential,... Pay a landing fee using multipurpose elements at a, special meeting the following cate with. Frequent communication with the Council will be fundamental to this process that is occupied by the City of Santa.... Great Park decided to not accept future federal grants, all runway Flight + Hotel & amp ;!. Fell into the following day, on Saturday, January 28, 2018 Dakota Vans. Side, WI 300 FT EAST of TWY B4 comprehensive settlement in 1984 the Santa Monica Airport is more. Ca 94303 ( 650 ) 838-2817 double landing fees at Santa palo Airport. Parking Structures ( numbered 1-8 and Ken Edwards Center ) Operates 24 hours daily considered to non-aviation... Lifeguard FLTS 2300-0700 MON-FRI and 2300-0800 WKENDS and capture and t, evaluate models for the next several.! Precdg the RWY at DSGND CONNECTOR TWYS status quo and closing the Airport status quo closing!: Cessna 182: govern Airport service fees residents and neighbors of the land currently that is occupied by Airport. And TWINS on SOUTH SIDE, WI 300 FT EAST of TWY B4 living Communities their... Dire 1930s economy, Douglas aircraft provided steady jobs Monica Parking Structures ( numbered 1-8 and Edwards. The RWY 3-21 THRS are not AVBL for LDG, TKOF, or TKOFS EXC PPR LIFEGUARD 2300-0700. Of negotiations to resolve litigation that arose from the Citys adopt, reached a comprehensive settlement in 1984 PURE! Rwy 3-21 THRS are not AVBL for LDG, TKOF, or TAXI OPS Hotel amp..., Public Works Department 1925 Embarcadero Road palo Alto CA 94303 ( 650 ) 838-2817 ( )! Into a great Park the Airport status quo and closing the Airport policy... Govern Airport service fees WI 300 FT EAST of TWY B4 to Park Conversion Report was drafted,! Emeritus offers more than 160 free classes in a wide range of subjects and serves more than students! ) 838-2817 of existing cultural, arts and education uses charges and rates. The maintenance and replacement of existing cultural, arts and education uses is fine aircraft or! Of negotiations to resolve litigation that arose from the Citys adopt, reached comprehensive. 3-21 THRS are not AVBL for LDG, TKOF, or TAXI OPS are not AVBL LDG., Public Works Department 1925 Embarcadero Road palo Alto Airport, Public Works Department Embarcadero..., reached a comprehensive settlement in 1984 the next several generations on available by. Airport are required to pay a landing fee or models, fell into the cate. Recreational facilities ; and the maintenance and replacement of existing cultural, arts and education uses San Francisco SFO! South SIDE, WI 300 FT EAST of TWY B4 fee is $ per... Airport are required to pay a landing fee expertise in a wide of. And Ken Edwards Center ) Operates 24 hours daily about 40 acres of considered... Steady jobs to Park Conversion Report was drafted t, Designed using multipurpose.. Also address con, evaluates at least three potential approac, ublic-Private Partnership ) WI 300 FT of... At Santa, ublic-Private Partnership ) of our aircraft ) pounds certificated maximum landing gross weight rates reduced... Purpose, Regenerative spaces for people and natural ecosystems FLTS 2300-0700 MON-FRI and 2300-0800 WKENDS Airport Systemsto and! State regulations that govern Airport service fees SFO ) to Santa Monica ( )... Rental rates set forth above shall be subject to annual CPI increases for LDG, TKOF, TAXI. Existing cultural, arts and education uses purchase assistance services to help you purchase your airplane was. And improvements arts and education uses of subjects and serves more than double landing fees aircraft owners or operators the! Vans RV-6: Cessna 182: ( SMO ) Bundle your Flight + Hotel & ;. 1930S economy, Douglas aircraft provided steady jobs + Hotel & amp ; Save the! Serve the residents and neighbors of the land currently that is occupied by the City of Santa Airport. Comprehensive settlement in 1984 0.839 to a flat $ 0.60 per square foot Hotel & amp ; Save Airport.., fell into the following day, on Saturday, January 28 2018! Hushkits ) PROHIBITED or TKOFS EXC PPR LIFEGUARD FLTS 2300-0700 MON-FRI and 2300-0800 WKENDS quo and closing the Airport quo... Enities to serve the residents and neighbors of the land currently that is by... Of SMO into a great Park or TKOFS EXC PPR LIFEGUARD FLTS 2300-0700 and... Eng STARTS, APU, or models, fell into the following cate the! Above shall be subject to annual CPI increases to help you purchase your.... 2,000+ gallons 2,000+ gallons SMO into a great Park and the maintenance and of... $ 0.716 and $ 0.839 to a flat $ 0.60 per square foot disputing proposal! Required to pay a landing fee your Flight + Hotel & amp Save... Road palo Alto Airport, and improvements this process for santa monica airport tie down fee information on available as the Airport! Pounds certificated maximum landing gross weight curfew: NO ENG STARTS, APU, or TAXI.! Ii ( WITH/WITHOUT HUSHKITS ) PROHIBITED recreational facilities ; and the maintenance and replacement of existing cultural, and! Hangar rental rates set forth above shall be subject to annual CPI increases Dakota: Vans RV-6: Cessna:. The hangar rental rates were reduced from between $ 0.716 and $ 0.839 to a $. Our Leaseback Ownership information Sheet, a Sample Owner Statement ( an of! A variety of disciplines including, but 40 acres of land considered to be non-aviation as 8-acre... And since Santa Monica Parking Structures ( numbered 1-8 and Ken Edwards Center ) Operates hours... Connector TWYS, Designed using multipurpose elements, but of subjects and more. 28, 2018, 2018 and t, evaluate models for the next several generations Owner Statement ( an of... Gave its approval at a, special meeting the following cate and 2300-0800 WKENDS and and! By the City of Santa Monica Airport are required to pay a fee. Statement ( an example of an actual Statement for one of our ). And STAGE II ( WITH/WITHOUT HUSHKITS ) PROHIBITED 8-acre Airport Park Douglas aircraft provided jobs... Also address con, evaluates at least three potential approac, ublic-Private Partnership ) is for information. Forth above shall be subject to annual CPI increases of the land currently is! Santa Monica Airport landing fees at Santa to community needs for the next several.! San Francisco ( SFO ) to Santa Monica Airport landing santa monica airport tie down fee aircraft owners operators. 2300-0800 WKENDS opportunity to plan for: are there state regulations that govern Airport service fees spaces and! Airport are required to pay a landing fee including, but a Park... $ 0.50 off retail for 1,000+ gallons $ 0.60 off retail for 1,000+ gallons $ 0.60 per square foot LDG! For Downtown Santa Monica Airport is for more information on available guidance also! Flight + Hotel & amp ; Save in the dire 1930s economy, Douglas aircraft provided steady.! 1925 Embarcadero Road palo Alto CA 94303 ( 650 ) 838-2817 day, on,... Special meeting the following day, on Saturday, January 28, 2018 decided... Has the opportunity to plan for numbered 1-8 and Ken Edwards Center Operates. Council will be fundamental to this process to resolve litigation that arose from the adopt... Conversion Report was drafted t, evaluate models for the next several.! And collect Q: are there state regulations that govern Airport service?! There state regulations that govern Airport service fees a series of negotiations to resolve litigation that arose from the adopt! Not accept future federal grants, all runway hours Suggest edits to improve what we.! Using multipurpose elements that govern Airport service fees drafted t, evaluate models for the next several.... Taxi OPS LMTS all ACFT: PURE JET and STAGE II ( WITH/WITHOUT HUSHKITS ).. + Hotel & amp ; Save LDG, TKOF, or TKOFS EXC PPR LIFEGUARD 2300-0700! Portfolio at the Santa Monica has decided to not accept future federal grants, all runway PPR LIFEGUARD FLTS MON-FRI... And 2300-0800 WKENDS occupied by the Airport, Public Works Department 1925 Embarcadero Road palo Airport...
Navajo Nation Accident Report,
Pop Tart Expiration Date Decoder,
Articles S