The Royal Australian Navy (RAN) commissioned its second Supply-class replenishment ship on 13 November, in a ceremony conducted at Fleet Base West in Perth.. HMAS Stalwart will provide tanker support to RAN vessels based on Australia's west coast, whereas the first-of-class HMAS Supply is stationed in Sydney after entering service on 10 April.. HMAS Stalwart, displacing 19,500t, carries the . HMAS Hobart and HMAS Stalwart remain on deployment, and last week took part in the Japanese Maritime Self-Defense Force's International Fleet Review off the coast of Yokosuka. How can you say whether a problem is the fault of the contractor or not? Seen here from the landing ship heavy HMAS TOBRUK [II], the RAN's 15,500 ton flagship of the 1980s HMAS STALWART [II] is on exercises in South East Asia. The vessel has an overall length of 173.9 m, a displacement of 19,500 t, and a full-load deadweight of 9,800 tons. Commissioned on 9 February 1968 and decommissioned on 9 March 1990, Stalwart served as a destroyer tender, the RAN flagship, and a training vessel during her career. [7] 62 people had to be evacuated to Darwin by helicopter after inhaling the gas, and 3 were killed; one was posthumously awarded the Bravery Medal for his actions during the incident. HMAS Stalwart is the second of the Navantia built Supply-class replenishment oiler for the Royal Australian Navy. [3] She was launched by Lady Maie Casey, wife of the Governor-General on 1 October 1966. . This small chemical can have a devastating effect on human physiology, beginning with respiratory irritation and ending in asphyxiation. Three crew members died as a result of the gases. [1], Stalwart was deployed on a three-month flag-showing cruise through South-East Asia during late 1984. NUSHIP Stalwart departed from Pier 12 in Navantia's Ferrol shipyard for Australia. Commissioned on 9 February 1968 and decommissioned on 9 March 1990, Stalwart served as a destroyer tender, the RAN flagship, and a training vessel during her career.She was sold in 1993 for conversion into a short-range cruise ship, under the names MV Her Majesty M . HMAS LARGS BAY L3006 Bay-class landing ship 3ds Max + lwo xsi 3ds fbx flt obj: $399. By coincidence, an Army cadet had also died aboard HMAS TOBRUK, the ship from which this photo is taken, in a similar accident. Those discussed will be the 1985 incident aboard HMAS Stalwart and the 1981 incident aboard HMAS Tobruk. Numerous . I have seen this behavior on projects I have worked on. Australian Journal of Emergency Management, Navy HMAS Stalwart (II), 1985, website viewed 14 May 2012, The Age, In the line of duty, 3 April 2005, website viewed 14 May 2012. NUSHIP Stalwart (III) is the second and final Supply Class Auxiliary Oiler Replenishment (AOR) ship. As such they are designated auxiliary oiler replenisher (AOR). If someone buys a HSV Senator and then drives it down the Birdsville track is its HSV's fault the under body gets trashed, the paint chipped and the suspension falls apart? December 26, 2009 12:00AM On October 22 STALWART had been 200 miles out of Darwin when poisonous fumes from sullage being pumped from the ships tanks leaked back through the stern gland and overcame two sailors. "We call upon all nations to respect the laws of the sea and we need to make sure that is followed, and that everyone is conducting themselves in a way that is safe for all involved," he said. Earlier this year the ABC revealed frigateHMAS Parramatta was closely tracked by the PLA, including being followed by a Chinese nuclear-powered submarine while travelling through contested areas of the East China Sea and South China Sea. The ships are intended to carry fuel, dry cargo, water, food, ammunition, equipment and spare parts to provide operational support for the . [1][5] Stalwart remained until 30 January, during which she provided workshop and maintenance facilities, was used to provide electricity to the city, and her ship's company performed an average of 1,000 man-hours of cleanup and reconstruction work per day. The HMAS Stalwart III will depart Geraldton on Monday 27 June at approximately 9am but will return in the future, so the crew can engage with the community through more events and programs. All submissions will be reviewed and verified before they are added to the collections. We don't necessarily go to a gas station to get our fuel; our gas station comes to us in terms of an oiler, . A crowd of locals turned out to farewell the HMAS Stalwart III on Monday, but the ship's company has assured Geraldton they will be back. The crew of NUSHIP Stalwart gathers in front of their ship for the first time, alongside Navantia crew on the ship's bridge, at Fleet Base West in Western Australia, June 2021. The inquiry found that many of the injuries were caused by people moving into the contaminated spaces to rescue shipmates. This page was last edited on 7 December 2022, at 04:49. HMAS Bataan WW11. . [2][3] Propulsion was provided by two 6-cylinder Scott-Sulzer diesels, which provided 7,000 horsepower (5,200kW) to the ship's two propellers, and allowing Stalwart to sail at over 20 knots (37km/h; 23mph). You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use. The two Supply-class AOR ships are built by Navantia as part of a contract awarded in May 2016. Commissioned on 9 February 1968 and decommissioned on 9 March 1990, Stalwart served as a destroyer tender, the RAN flagship, and a training vessel during her career. On board HMAS Stalwart, on the 22nd October 1985, three seamen lost their lives through hydrogen sulfide asphyxiation. It had its keel laid in November 2018[2] as a part of the SEA 1654 Phase 3 project. [1], In 1980, Stalwart undertook exercises of Victoria, before visiting Newcastle for Australia Day, Hobart for the Royal Hobart Regatta, then Melbourne and Sydney before March. ~. HMAS Choules returned from a three month Pacific deployment last week and Able Seaman Electronics Technician Esther Melvin volunteered to show us around the . History of A304 HMAS Stalwart. As such they are designated auxiliary oiler replenisher . HMAS Stalwart the second of two supply class auxiliary oiler replenishment ships was commissioned on Saturday and will provide the Australian Defence Force with fuel, water, food, ammunition, and a variety of cargo for extended periods. Named HMAS Stalwart, the ship along with first-of-class HMAS Supply will be a "critical support element to contemporary maritime operations" across the Indo-Pacific region, the . The AORs will enhance Fleet capability by extending the time a Task Group can spend at sea and the distance travelled. He spent further weeks in hospital and will next year be discharged medically unfit from the navy, after 23 years' service and membership of the 16-member elite Minor War Vessel Sea Training Unit. 'An unthinkable tragedy': How did this train crash happen? $399. [4], The size of the ship's company varies between sources: Cassells states a complement of 396, while the RAN website gives 25 officers and 392 sailors. NUSHIP Stalwart is the third Royal Australian Navy ship to bear the name after the S Class destroyer, HMAS . [3] The ship was fitted for but not with two Sea Cat missile launchers. At the time, the Defence Department and Defence Minister Richard Marles also declined to answer questions or provide any details of the interactions between the Chinese military and HMAS Parramatta. Australian warships challenged by Chinese military near heavily fortified Spratly Islands, Former government services minister Stuart Robert is being questioned at theRobodebt inquiry, Keep up with the latest ASX and business news. [1], The ship started 1976 by participating in training exercises off south-east Australia and in Bass Strait. Finally this paper will conclude by reference to the lessons to be learnt from these incidents. Three were to die. David Midson studied science and law at the University of Tasmania before joining the RAN in 2008. A secret report into the gassing of the crew aboard HMAS Maitland has raised more questions about the 16-strong fleet of Armidale patrol boats, twice recalled to port for emergency repairs since they were commissioned in 2005. . The parliamentary inquiry that followed was not impressed by the RAN response to the incident. HMAS Stalwart (A 215D 215) was an Australiandesigned and constructed Escort Maintenance ship of the Royal Australian Navy (RAN). HMAS Ballarat. HMAS Stalwart (A304) Supply-class replenishment oiler for the Royal Australian Navy. What is reallysad is that its orders from the RAN are complete for now so this affair is only going tohurtAustal'sreputation in the international sales market, where its future and the future ofthose skilled jobs that everybodyis so keen on seeing created and maintainedlie. 2019-aug-30. HMAS Stalwart is the second of the Navantia built Supply-class replenishment oiler for the Royal Australian Navy. This is the official Facebook Page for the second Supply class Auxiliary Oiler Replenishment ship, Stalwart (III) which was built is Spain and. NUSHIP Stalwart was laid down on 25 November 2018 at the Navantia Shipyards in Ferrol, Spain. 2023 StrategyWorld.com. The bean counter is often the worst person to allow to make decisions because their lack of relevant technical knowledge will often result in significant upfront savings at the expense of safety and higher through life support costs. All structured data from the file namespace is available under the. 2018-nov. The US Navy aircraft carrier USS Ronald Reagan (CVN 76) has conducted a replenishment at sea with the Royal Australian Navy's HMAS Stalwart (A304). On Sunday, 20t h November, a replenishment-at-sea (RAS) in the Philippine Sea was conducted by the Royal Australian Navy's HMAS Stalwart for the US Navy's only forward-deployed aircraft . 21/03/2021. The Royal Australian Navy commissioned its latest ship into service on November 13 at Fleet Base West, Rockingham, Western Australia. February 2023 - Page 14 - Global Defense Corp. [ February 28, 2023 ] Belarusian Partisan Fighting With Ukrainian Troops Struck Russian A-50U AEW&C With Drones C4iSR. StrategyWorld.com, StrategyPage.com, FYEO, For Your Eyes Only and Al Nofi's CIC are all trademarks of StrategyWorld.com Privacy Policy. A week before the accident, the ship had returned to port after "persistent H2S (hydrogen sulphide) odours" led to the discovery of defects in black water tanks. On the 22nd October 1985, as the sewage tanks were being pumped, H2S gas leaked into the ship causing three fatalities and sixty injuries. HMAS Success, , . 941. 0. A toxic hazard is the one of the greatest threats to those aboard a naval ship in peace time. Auxiliary Oiler Replenisher NUSHIP Stalwart arrives at Fleet Base West in Western Australia for the first time. HMAS Stalwart, the second of the Supply-class auxiliary oiler replenishment ships, will provide logistics replenishment to ships at sea, while also having the ability to support the Joint Force on a wider scale. In 1972 and 1973 respectively the Convention on the Prevention of Marine Pollution by the Dumping of Wastes and other Matter and the Convention for the Prevention of Pollution from Ships (MARPOL Convention) were created. 1922 - 1946. HMAS Acute. The former was commissioned . The timestamp is only as accurate as the clock in the camera, and it may be completely wrong. I am not privy to the details of the ACPB contract, nor the negotiations prior to final approval, but I would not be surprised if Austal had hilighted the potential issues, including the sewage and fuel contamination issues, through the various review phases of the project, along with costed OTS mitigations but were over ruled as the bean counters and politically motivated PM's saw them as unnecessary gilding. Australia's worst military disaster in peacetime remains the February 1964 Voyager accident when the aircraft carrier HMAS Melbourne sliced through the destroyer HMAS Voyager, killing 82 men. The ship was named for its reliability in servicing the Navy's working fleet. PERIOD IN USE. Machinery: 4 x Caterpillar V12 ship service generators, 2 x 800hp DC electric motors twin shaft We acknowledge Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples as the First Australians and Traditional Custodians of the lands where we live, learn, and work. The full text of this essay is available on request to the Naval Historical Society. According to information published by the Twitter account of the Chief of Navy Australia on June 22, 2021, the newest ship of the Australian Navy's future fleet, NUSHIP Stalwart has arrived at her homeport of Fleet Base West for the first time.Follow Navy Recognition on Google News at this link, NUSHIP Stalwart arriving at Fleet Base West, Australia (Picture source: Twitter account of the Chief of Navy Australia). I only have about 40 per cent of lung capacity and a range of other medical problems. Life on the Line Podcasts Following New Entry Officer Courses at HMAS Creswell he began work as a legal officer in late 2009. [3][4], The two ships are based on the Spanish Cantabria class and were built at the Ferrol shipyard. HMAS Stalwart is the second of the Navantia built Supply-class replenishment oiler for the Royal Australian Navy. "The navy rushed these boats into service -- they were dangerous and we suffered as a result. The crew of HMAS Stalwart (III) line the ship's upper decks during the commissioning ceremony at Fleet Base West, Rockingham, 13 November 2021. All rights Reserved. At the time of the accident, the boat had "no coherent" sewage management plan and no environmental plan, and investigators found crew training inadequate. Whilst the intention of the rescuers was noble it led to more casualties. Minister for Defence, the Hon Peter Dutton said the . 1968 - 1994. With the decommissioning of the aircraft carrier HMAS Melbourne on 30 June 1982, Stalwart became the new fleet flagship, providing . She arrived in Australia in June 2021 for her final fit out with Australian-specific equipment. The procedure was changed so that a rescue cannot be attempted until proper breathing apparatus is being worn. . max lwo xsi 3ds fbx flt obj Rigged. [8], In late May 1986, the vessel was sent to the Solomon Islands on a disaster relief mission following heavy storms. Information about emergencies, disasters and disaster resilience comes from many sources. For instance the CoA tells us the problem is one thing but when I get on board and speak to the operator I get a completely different story. HMAS Stalwart is the second of the Navantia built Supply-class replenishment oiler for the Royal Australian Navy. "All were in accordance with international law, including the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS).". Failure to have trained, competent personnel and adequate spares provisions will adversely affect safety and availability. None of the problems encountered on the ACPB's are new or unique but occur and continue to occur in every new project because the customer (i.e. The Royal Australian Navy has welcomed the second of its two Supply-class auxiliary oiler replenishment (AOR) ships in a ceremony at Fleet Base West, Western Australia. Built for the Royal Navy during World War I, the ship was not completed until 1919, and spent less than eight months in British service before being transferred to the RAN at the start of 1920. . HMAS Stalwart 1964 - 2003 Royal Australian Navy. Members of the community will be able to watch its arrival into the Mid West Port Authority along the Geraldton Foreshore. Produced by the Naval Studies Group in conjunction with the Submarine Institute of Australia, the Australian Naval Institute, Naval Historical Society and the RAN Seapower Centre. [1] Up to four ships could be assisted simultaneously, with Stalwart providing power, water, communications, and personnel facilities for the ships' companies of those alongside. It was this change in regulation that in a sense created a H2S problem which had long been avoided by dumping such waste overboard. [1][5] The vessel arrived on 2 January 1975, and was the only vessel to dock alongside in Darwin Harbour (the other 12 ships deployed were anchored in or outside the harbour). Importantly both conventions place limits on the disposal of oily wastes and sewage, meaning that such wastes have to be stored on board since those conventions came into force. FC 1800VISITGERO. The paper begins by discussing the nature of H2S hazards and how H2S incidents have increased due to international regulation. Sixty people were injured by the fumes and required medical treatment. Tamara completed secondary schooling at St. Clare's in Canberra before commencing a BA at Canberra University and then joining the RAN in January 1987 at the Australian Defence Force Academy, completing her training at HMAS Creswell, Jervis Bay in 1988. [1] During this deployment, the ship visited China, Indonesia, Singapore, Hong Kong, and the Philippines. The interaction with the PLA occurred during a "Regional Presence Deployment", where the Australian Navy was accompanied by the Japanese destroyer JSKirisame and US Navy destroyer USS Milius for a trilateral transit of the South China Sea. Gallery. The HMAS Stalwart III will make its way into Geraldton on Friday 24 June at approximately 12pm. Medic AB Ian McLachlan - who had heroically gone to the assistance of collapsed crewmates, sharing his oxygen respirator with them - died on a helicopter during the evacuations the next day. These changes have helped prevent a reoccurrence of the injuries that occurred on Stalwart. The Royal Australian Navy 's (RAN) second Supply-class auxiliary oilier replenishment (AOR) vessel NUSHIP Stalwart has set sail to undergo its final fitout. HMAS Stalwart (A 215/D 215) was an Australian-designed and constructed Escort Maintenance ship of the Royal Australian Navy. HMAS Stalwart was launched on 31 August 2019, while the first AOR HMS Supply was launched in November 2018. She was sold in 1993 for conversion into a short-range cruise ship, under the names MV Her Majesty M, then MV Tara II. a Naval Board of Inquiry into the Stalwart, which is no longer in service, found the fatal accident could have been . The two ships are based on the Spanish Cantabria class and were built at the Ferrol shipyard. This Australian made, 3 dimensional custom crafted product, is hand painted using marine enamels and complies with the Royal Australian Navy colour specification. By. In 1985, three sailors were killed and 56 injured when maintenance ship HMAS Stalwart also leaked hydrogen sulphide. Commissioned on 9 February 1968 and decommissioned on 9 March 1990, Stalwart served as a destroyer tender, the RAN flagship, and a training vessel during her career. close. The Australian Supply Class ships are based on the Spanish Navy's Cantabria Class design. HMAS Stalwart is the second of the Navantia built Supply-class replenishment oiler for the Royal Australian Navy.It had its keel laid in November 2018 as a part of the SEA 1654 Phase 3 project. Today the Navy remembers those lost and affected by this tragedy. My career is over. max lwo xsi 3ds fbx flt obj details. Naval Reserve Cadet Kenneth Dax was killed in 1981 when the sewerage system of supply ship HMAS Tobruk leaked hydrogen sulphide gas. They didn't conduct a public board of inquiry investigation; they opted for a report they could keep secret." // ]]>, Copyright 2019 Navy Recognition | Webdesign by Zzam, International Naval & Maritime Defense Exhibitions 2020, NAVDEX 2023 exhibitors visitors information, NAVDEX 2023 News Official Online Show Daily, DIMDEX 2022 Exhibitors Visitors Information, DEFEA 2021 Naval TV Official Web Television, NAVDEX 2021 Exhibitors Visitors Information, NAVDEX 2021 News Official Online Show Daily, SEAFUTURE 2021 Exhibitors Visitors Information, SEAFUTURE 2021 News Official Online Show Daily, SEAFUTURE 2021 TV Official Web Television, EURONAVAL 2020 Exhibitors Visitors Information, DIMDEX 2020 Exhibitors Visitors Information, DIMDEX 2020 News Official Online Show Daily, DSEI 2019 Naval Zone TV Web Television Pictures, IMDS 2019 TV Web Television pictures video, NAVDEX 2019 Official News Online Show Daily, Naval News June 2021 Navy Forces Maritime Defense Industry, Supply-class NUSHIP Stalwart to join Royal Australian Navy. HMAS Stalwart (A 215/D 215) was an Australian-designed and constructed Escort Maintenance ship of the Royal Australian Navy (RAN). Following the incident, action was taken immediately and gas detection devices were fitted. Officials with knowledge of the operation say destroyer HMAS Hobart and auxiliary tanker HMAS Stalwart sailed close to the Spratly Islands and were challenged by the People's Liberation Army (PLA . Soon there were men falling ill all over the ship - scores of them. She IMO 9816933. [2] The ship did not enter commercial service, and on 19 February 2003, Tara II arrived at Alang, India for breaking.[2][9]. They can cause serious injury or death and unfortunately they are not uncommon. 1998 - HMAS Anzac. Life on the Line tracks down Australian war veterans and records their stories. The investigation found the location of air vents and sewage discharge lines did not meet specifications despite the ship being approved for duty. Print This Page. It was the RAN's most serious accident of the 1980s. HMAS Adelaide I. HMAS Stalwart (III) is the second and final Supply Class Auxiliary Oiler Replenishment (AOR) ship built for the Royal Australian Navy by Spanish shipbuilder, Navantia. HMAS Stalwart is the second of Australia's two newest AORs, which will provide operational support, replenishing the fleet in deployments of the Australian naval and combat forces operations far from the port and on the high seas, as they remain in service over the next 25 years. APDR Staff. [3] A single helicopter was carried for utility purposes; initially, this was a Westland Wessex, although it was later replaced by a Westland Sea King. Chief Petty Officer MacKenzie said yesterday he was launching legal action for compensation on the grounds that the accident could have been prevented. The veteran sailor dismissed claims by the navy that it had fixed the problems aboard the fleet of Armidale class boats, which patrol Australia's northern waters. 10 Yrs of Bungaree Entertainers Celebrated. A year later, a Naval Board of Inquiry into the Stalwart, which is no longer in service, found the fatal accident could have been avoided if correct marine engineering practices had been followed. It had its keel laid in November 2018 as a part of the SEA 1654 Phase 3 project. [2] The ship's helipad was capable of receiving any helicopter flown by the RAN. Navy failures blamed for gassing of four sailors on Armidale patrol boats, Michael McKenna A gas leak from a sullage tank in HMAS STALWART, (escort . The badge is cast using a two-pack polyurethane media and is extremely durable. HMAS Stalwart (III) and her sister ship HMAS Supply (II) replace HMAS Success and HMAS Sirius with a single class of two auxiliary oiler replenisher (AOR) ships to sustain deployed maritime forces. On 22 October 1985, a toxic gas leak occurred onboard the HMAS Stalwart north of Darwin. In October 2013, as international audiences gathered to celebrate the Royal Australian Navy International Fleet Review (IFR), Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander officers and sailors from across the fleet gathered in Sydney. Dumb. Chief Petty Officer MacKenzie has been offered the maximum payout of about $400,000 plus a pension, but he says it is not enough, given that his injuries were "not an accident" and that he had had a bright career ahead of him. "HMAS Stalwart as the Royal Australian Navy's newest ship, carries forward great history with its motto - "heart of oak" - a song constituting the official march of the Royal Navy, first played in 1760. [1] The ship's name came from the destroyer HMASStalwart. If you have information you would like to contribute (documents, data and images), please click the button on the right to go to the submissions page. A secret report into the gassing of the crew aboard HMAS Maitland has raised more questions about the 16-strong fleet of Armidale patrol boats, twice recalled to port for emergency repairs since . If the file has been modified from its original state, some details such as the timestamp may not fully reflect those of the original file. [8] The vessel was named MV Her Majesty M.[2] She was later renamed MV Tara II. HMAS Supply is the first of two new Supply-class AOR ships. [8] The ship was sold to the Cyprus-based Royal Sea Ferries on 3 March 1990 for conversion into a Mediterranean cruise ship. "https://ssl." "From what I have been told, only one of the boats is close to meeting the recommended safety upgrades out of the report," Chief Petty Officer MacKenzie said. [1] Stalwart was 515feet 6inches (157.12m) long overall, 458 feet (140m) long between perpendiculars, had a beam of 67feet 6inches (20.57m), and a draught of 20feet 1inch (6.12m). [2], Stalwart was laid down by the Cockatoo Docks and Engineering Company Limited in Sydney on 23 June 1964. This caused a build-up of the toxic gases, which leaked into the 21-crew ship's spare accommodation area -- normally used to hold rescued asylum-seekers -- after a valve failed when the sewage was being pumped out at sea. Click on a date/time to view the file as it appeared at that time. "The Armidale class patrol boat is a safe, capable and reliable asset," the statement said. 3 talking about this. tho I think they must have some clairvoyants working for them cause they allways seam to get serious about OH&S a week before a "surprise" inspection. Navy chiefs are working on options to present to government, expected to be some time later this year, . var gaJsHost = (("https:" == document.location.protocol) ? Cutting these things saves money upfront and looks good on the books (and to the expensive external auditors) but will come back and bite them when expensive bits break or don't work to start with. Not only do you get what you pay for, you need to take into account how you intend to use it and in my personal experience there is often a disconnect, not only between the contractor and the CoA but between the CoA and their own operators. From Wikimedia Commons, the free media repository, HMAS Stalwart passing behind the bulk carrier Sweet Melissa in Cockburn Sound. It had its keel laid in November 2018[2] as a part of the SEA 1654 Phase 3 project. The Royal Australian Navy's newest oil replenishment ship visited its ceremonial home port of Geraldton for the first time at the weekend, just over one year since it arrived in Australia. On this Wikipedia the language links are at the top of the page across from the article title. FFG 44 Adelaide Class Frigate HMAS Darwin . Chief petty officer Kurt MacKenzie, was the worst affected of the sailors and spent several days in intensive care in Darwin. [8] The ship took on supplies and unloaded 85 sailors at Jervis Bay on 31 November to make room for the civilians and their equipment, before sailing to Hobart and taking on more supplies and a 41-strong relief team. TOBRUK, in fact, suffered chronic gas leakage problems early in her career. A secret report into the gassing of the crew aboard HMAS Maitland has raised more questions about the 16-strong fleet of Armidale patrol boats, twice recalled to port for emergency repairs since they were commissioned in 2005. [6], On 22 October 1985, while en route from Darwin to Indonesia, a combination of cleaning chemicals and the contents of the ship's sullage tanks caused hydrogen sulfide gas to form. HMAS Waller is the third-oldest submarine and was commissioned in 1999. Tamara has an extensive personal and family association with the Northern Beaches of Sydney. HMAS Queensborough. HMAS Stalwart. We pay our respects to elders past, present and emerging. 1969 - 1983. var pageTracker = _gat._getTracker("UA-1359270-3"); This paper will examine the history of H2S incidents in the RAN in order to identify lessons to be learnt from the past. [1] Stalwart could perform these tasks at sea, and could operate out of minor ports or forward bases around and away from Australia.
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